CPR and AED Use for an Unresponsive Adolescent (Ages 13–18)

If you find an adolescent aged 13 to 18 years who is unresponsive and not breathing normally, the resuscitation approach is slightly different from that used for adults. Acting quickly and confidently can make a life-saving difference.

What to Do First

If the adolescent is unresponsive and not breathing normally:

• Call 999 immediately and ask for an ambulance.
• If you are unsure whether they are breathing normally, treat them as though they are not.
• Put your phone on speaker so the call handler can guide you.

Start CPR Straight Away

In adolescents, cardiac arrest is often linked to breathing problems. For this reason:

• Begin with five rescue breaths.
• Then start chest compressions.

Chest Compressions

• Compress the chest to a depth of 5–6 cm.
• Allow the chest to fully recoil between compressions.
• Maintain a rate of 100–120 compressions per minute.

Continue CPR using a ratio of 15 compressions to 2 rescue breaths.

Do not stop CPR while someone is fetching an AED.

Using an AED on an Adolescent

Use an AED as soon as it arrives.

• Switch the AED on and follow the voice and visual prompts.
• If available, use a paediatric mode or paediatric pads, which reduce shock energy for smaller bodies.
• If paediatric settings are not available, use adult pads and settings. Never delay defibrillation.

Correct Pad Placement

• Ensure the chest is bare and dry.
• Place one pad on the top right side of the chest.
• Place the other pad under the left armpit.

This is the same pad placement used for adults.

During AED Analysis and Shock

• When the AED says “Stand clear”, ensure no one is touching the adolescent.
• If a shock is advised, make sure everyone stays clear while it is delivered.
• Restart chest compressions immediately after the shock, or if no shock is advised.

Continue CPR Until

• Professional help arrives and takes over, or
• The adolescent shows clear signs of life, or
• You are physically unable to continue.

Key Safety Message

AEDs are extremely safe to use on adolescents. They will only deliver a shock if it is needed. Early CPR and early defibrillation dramatically improve survival rates.

The most important thing is to act quickly, confidently, and without delay. Your actions could save a young life.